Cognitive Neuroscience Robotics A: Synthetic Approaches to Human Understanding

Cognitive Neuroscience Robotics A: Synthetic Approaches to Human Understanding
Springer | Robotics | March 20 2016 | ISBN-10: 4431545948 | 236 pages | pdf | 7.04 mb

Editors: Kasaki, M., Ishiguro, H., Asada, M., Osaka, M., Fujikado, T. (Eds.)

Addresses interdisciplinary research linking cognitive science, neuroscience, and robotics
Helps readers understand the need for collaboration with other disciplines
Describes how human cognitive functions can be replicated in artificial systems such as robots, and investigates how artificial systems could acquire intelligent behaviors through interaction with others and their environment

Cognitive Neuroscience Robotics is the first introductory book on this new interdisciplinary area. This book consists of two volumes, the first of which, Synthetic Approaches to Human Understanding, advances human understanding from a robotics or engineering point of view. The second, Analytic Approaches to Human Understanding, addresses related subjects in cognitive science and neuroscience. These two volumes are intended to complement each other in order to more comprehensively investigate human cognitive functions, to develop human-friendly information and robot technology (IRT) systems, and to understand what kind of beings we humans are.

Volume A describes how human cognitive functions can be replicated in artificial systems such as robots, and investigates how artificial systems could acquire intelligent behaviors through interaction with others and their environment.

Number of Illustrations and Tables

56 b/w illustrations, 54 illustrations in colour

Topics

Robotics and Automation

Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics)

Computational Intelligence

Neurosciences

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Applying a Human Rights Approach to Social Work Research and Evaluation

Applying a Human Rights Approach to Social Work Research and Evaluation: A Rights Research Manifesto
Springer | Social Sciences | November 8, 2015 | ISBN-10: 3319260340 | 99 pages | pdf | 1.91 mb

Authors: Maschi, Tina​​

Introduces a human rights framework that can be applied to social work research
Offers guidance on developing and implementing a rights-based approach to social work research and evaluation
Advances the relationship between human rights and social justice and individual, family, and community well-being​
Provides case examples

This brief introduces a human rights approach to social work research and evaluation, compares it to traditional research approaches, and explains how to apply it in real world social work research. The author draws from a human rights framework that incorporates dignity and respect for all persons, the universality and interrelatedness of rights (political, civil, social, economic, and cultural), nondiscrimination, participation, accountability, and transparency. To advance a human rights approach, it introduces a rights-based model that accentuates the use of mixed methods and participatory research and evaluation. This brief aims to increase competencies in how to apply a rights based approach to research decision-making process from the formulation of research questions, research and practice design, and participatory action strategies that advance human rights.​ It is a call to action for social workers to forge a rights-based research agenda that fosters empowerment.

Number of Illustrations and Tables

9 illustrations in colour

Topics

Social Work

Human Rights

Social Policy, Public Economics

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The Human Right to Health

The Human Right to Health (Norton Global Ethics Series) by Jonathan Wolff
English | 2013 | ISBN: 0393063356, 0393343383 | 208 pages | EPUB | 0,3 MB

An esteemed philosopher provides a shrewd examination of the future of the human right to health.

Few topics in human rights have inspired as much debate as the right to health. Proponents would enshrine it as a fundamental right on a par with freedom of speech and freedom from torture. Detractors suggest that the movement constitutes an impractical over-reach. Jonathan Wolff cuts through the ideological stalemate to explore both views. In an accessible, persuasive voice, he explores the philosophical underpinnings of the idea of a human right, assesses whether health meets those criteria, and identifies the political and cultural realities we face in attempts to improve the health of citizens in wildly different regions. Wolff ultimately finds that there is a path forward for proponents of the right to health, but to succeed they must embrace certain intellectual and practical changes. The Human Right to Health is a powerful and important contribution to the discourse on global health.

Adam"s Ancestors: Race, Religion, and the Politics of Human Origins

David N. Livingstone, “Adam’s Ancestors: Race, Religion, and the Politics of Human Origins”
English | 2008 | ISBN: 0801888131 | PDF | pages: 314 | 5 mb

Although the idea that all human beings are descended from Adam is a long-standing conviction in the West, another version of this narrative exists: human beings inhabited the Earth before, or alongside, Adam, and their descendants still occupy the planet.

In this engaging and provocative work, David N. Livingstone traces the history of the idea of non-adamic humanity, and the debates surrounding it, from the Middle Ages to the present day. From a multidisciplinary perspective, Livingstone examines how this alternative idea has been used for cultural, religious, and political purposes. He reveals how what began as biblical criticism became a theological apologetic to reconcile religion with science—evolution in particular—and was later used to support arguments for white supremacy and segregation.

From heresy to orthodoxy, from radicalism to conservatism, from humanitarianism to racism, Adam’s Ancestors tells an intriguing tale of twists and turns in the cultural politics surrounding the age-old question, “Where did we come from?”

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